With the development of “the Belt and Road” Initiative，the transportation and information network has gained remarkable progress，with market resources，technology and people with expertise being allocated in an optimized manner. Being a key region for “the Belt and Road”，Central Asia enjoys an advantageous position in doing trade and economic cooperation with Xinjiang. This paper adopts the perspectives of trade，finance and investment in looking at the economic cooperation between Xinjiang and Central Asia while exploring future development paths. After analyzing the current condition and development potential，this paper tries to explore new patterns for trade and economic cooperation.