Based on the survey of 1242 village committee in Shandong，Jiangsu，Anhui and Henan Province，we study village committee’s behavior of rural food safety risk governance in actual situation by using factor analysis and cluster analysis method. The results showed that the village committee’s behavior includes four factors，such as edible agricultural products safety factor，food safety factor of consumption and circulation，propaganda factor and basic governance function factor，which are respectively corresponding to different governance focus and mode：the production of edible agricultural products and the source governance，the consumption and circulation of food and the effect governance，propaganda and information disclosure，basic function and function driven governance. Then the village committee are divided into four types：the traditional，the starting，the breakpoint and the full-scale. These conclusions have important effects on promoting the village committee’s function in the new historical period to participate in the rural social governance，especially to the rural food safety risk governance.