In the special historical, basic national conditions and geopolitical environment, Israel regarded the "survival" and security as the most important task at the beginning of it's founding. But because of small in size, difficult to maintain a large standing army, unable to establish a defense in depth system, Israel attaches great importance to the preparation of national defense mobilization, and forms a rather special, efficient national defense mobilization system. This article firstly introduces the leadership system of the country's national defense mobilization, including mobilization in highest leader body, executive body and supervisory body; then introduces the country's national defense mobilization system, including active system, the mobilization of troops system, compulsory reserve system, universal military training system, backup registration system, industrial mobilization system; at last, it introduces the basic measures to mobilize the country, including national defense and national survival education, reforming and improving the mobilization system, organizing and improving mobilization exercises, and enhancing the basis of industrial mobilization. <<