After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Russia's political, economic and national defense system has changed a lot. Russia inherited the Soviet Union's huge defense assets and national defense mobilization base, and its national defense system and mobilization system has been a fundamental change. This article firstly introduces the leadership system of the country's national defense mobilization, including mobilization plan and mobilization regulations; then introduces the country's national defense mobilization system, including active duty Army mobilization system, the wartime mobilization system, reserve system, the system of priority needing of national defense; at last, it introduces the basic measures to mobilize the country, including strengthening the construction of mobile units, strengthening the construction of the legal system, enhancing the foundation of industrial mobilization, strengthening the construction of reserve forces. <<