In 2015，Latin American countries experienced negative economic growth for the fourth consecutive year，leading to stagnation of social situation，as manifested in increasing poverty，rising unemployment rate，and soaring inflation. All these factors exerted great impacts on income. Social and economic problems overlapped，making public security worse. Corruption remained to be a crucial challenge to regional countries. Due to fiscal difficulties，social expenditure policies implemented by some left-wing governments faced lots of challenges. As a result，rightist parties were gaining a momentum. The year 2015 is the 15th anniversary of the Millennium Development Goals. While regional countries have made great progress in poverty reduction，employment promotion and education，some goals of social development are still not achieved. The performance of regional countries varied greatly. According to the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda，regional countries put a series of new development goals，emphasizing sustainable development and social integration.