本文以可追溯猪肉为例,把额外生化检测与原产地认证标签作为事前认证属性,把养殖信息、屠宰加工销售信息作为事后追溯属性,对中国江苏省无锡市157位消费者展开一对一BDM机制实验,由此构建不同属性的价格层次。在此基础上采用菜单选择实验方法,通过完全列举法构建随机效用理论,在此基础上进一步以中国江苏省典型地区的598位消费者为实验对象,考察消费者对事前认证与事后追溯两种不同功能的属性偏好。研究发现,相对于选择实验,受访者在菜单选择实验框架下对价格更为敏感,且属性之间的替代效应更强,以至于在菜单选择实验中,受访者具有更低的支付意愿,且更接近拍卖实验的结果。本文还发现,受访者对可追溯猪肉的事前信息认证及原产地认证属性均具有较高的边际效用,表明消费者更愿意避免健康受损,而不是在健康受损后能够得到赔偿。本文可以丰富食品安全消费者行为的研究方法,有助于修正选择实验可能存在的偏误。
<<preferences for traceable pork were elicited from 157 consumers in Wuxi,Jiangsu Province,China using the Becker-DeGroot-Marschak (BDM) mechanism with additional biochemical testing and origin certification labels as ex ante verification attributes,and farming information,and slaughter,processing,and distribution information as ex post traceability attributes,thereby establishing price levels for the different attributes. On this basis,preferences for ex ante verification and ex post traceability were further assessed in 598 consumers from typical regions in Jiangsu Province,China using a menu choice experiment with exhaustive alternatives model-based random utility theory. The study revealed that compared to the choice experiment,respondents were more price sensitive in the menu choice experiment framework,and there was a more significant substitute relationship between the attributes,so that respondents had a lower willingness to pay in the menu choice experiment,which was more close to the results of experimental auction. Moreover,respondents had a higher marginal utility for ex ante information verification attributes and origin certification of traceable pork,indicating that consumers preferred avoiding health damage,rather than being compensated for health damage. This study may provide a new way to investigate consumers’ behaviors regarding food safety and help revise the bias that may exist in the choice experiment.
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