我国有些大学中硕士研究生的学制是有“弹性”的。本研究选取实行弹性学制的B大学,通过对弹性学制下选择提前毕业的学生进行个案研究,了解学生为什么选择“提前”离开大学,研究是何因素最终导致学生顺利提前毕业。本研究采取质性研究方法,通过访谈、实物搜集和观察的方法,搜集研究对象关于提前毕业及研究生生活的相关资料。通过对文本资料的分析发现,学生选择提前毕业,主要源自学生个体对学术组织期待的满足程度。学生带着对研究生学历的期待进入大学求取学历,认为该学历应该对应一定的知识能力及社会经济地位。当学生感知社会和经济地位的期待可以得到满足,或者学术知识和能力期待无法得到满足时,学生会选择离开。同时,提前毕业问题的背后,反应的是高等教育组织与组织、组织与个人以及个人与个人之间的权力与地位的关系,在这个关系中,高等教育组织处于弱势的地位。真正导致学生提前离开学术组织的原因并非制度,而是来自高等教育组织的外部——市场。在市场的作用下,高校调整相应的培养目标和培养模式,学院调整学术要求,导师被迫妥协或降低标准。
<<The educational system for postgraduate students is flexible in some of universities in China. This study aimed to examine why the postgraduate students choose to graduate earlier and what are the leading factors to make them graduate earlier successfully. This case study employed methods of interviews,non-participant observations,and materials collections to study four female students who got the early graduation from B. university that has implemented the Flexible Educational System for postgraduate students. The finding leads to the following observation:(1)The early graduation was driven by the students’ level of expectation for academic organization. The students entered with the assumption that the postgraduate education should correspond with and improve their academic ability and social economic status. However,during the postgraduate education process,it is the attraction of social economic status,not need for academic knowledge and ability motivated them to choose early graduation;(2)Early graduation illustrated the power relationships between higher education institution,organization and individuals,in which higher education was disadvantaged. The dynamics of early graduation came from the job market not the education system. With the influence of the job market,the university adjusted the training goal and approach,the second-tier colleges changed the academic requirements,and the postgraduate supervisors were forced to compromise or lower their academic standards.
<<Keywords: | Higher EducationSocial StatusJob MarketFlexible Educational SystemEarly GraduationAcademics Expectation |