In the second decade of 21st century，complicated and major changes are occurring in China’s neighboring environment，which have brought new challenges to China’s neighboring diplomacy. China’s fast development and the U.S. strategy of re-pivoting to Asia form a structural contradiction and hedge between a newly emerging power and status quo hegemony. Now China is faced with five major challenges from its neighboring environment：first，the overlapping of its neighbors’ increasing suspicions and the external powers’ deepening involvement into Asian affairs；second，the mismatch between China’s self-perception and its neighbors’ deviated perceptions toward China；third，the concurrence of China’s simmering maritime security challenges and its land security issues；fourth，the Darwinian competition of various multilateral institutions and initiatives in the Asia region；and fifth，the interconnection between China’s less-developed borderland and China’s deteriorated neighboring environment. To better safeguard its national interests and Asia’s stability，China needs to put forward new strategies of neighboring diplomacy in the next decade. The subsequent strategies of neighboring diplomacy are identified as follows：firstly，China should adopt measures to ease its neighbors’ increasing suspicion and the external powers’ deepening balancing policy. Secondly，China should adjust the mismatch between China’s self-perception and some neighbors’ deviated perceptions toward China. Thirdly，China should regard its sea power and land power as equally important in the context of “building China into a marine power”. Fourthly，China should put forward its own designs for Asia’s regional multilateral institutions so as to accommodate itself to various multilateral institutions and initiatives. Fifthly，China should make an overall plan to balance its borderland development and its neighboring diplomacy. Therefore，Chinese periphery government needs to attach more importance to its neighboring diplomacy in the next decade. Accordingly，Chinese government also needs to upgrade the status of its neighboring diplomacy in China’s overall diplomacy.