That scattering indicators，disunity of indicators and miss data at both city and county level are the main reasons affecting the outcomes and problems of Sichuan’s ecological conservation and construction being understood in time，and also has restricted the institutionalization and normalization of the province’s ecological conservation and construction. With full consideration of the recent documents on construction of ecological civilization made in the 18th committee of the CCP，Sichuan can develop its ecological monitoring index system with 5 dimensions，namely 1）ecological institution，2）ecological inputs，3）ecological science and technology，4）ecological economy and 5）ecological environment. This ecological monitoring index system is good tool to assess the outcomes of ecological conservation and construction and could potentially replace indicators focused on GDP especially in the areas classified as Restricted Development Zone by the State Council.