联合国工商业与人权框架提出通过国家保护人权的义务、企业尊重人权的责任以及对工商业相关侵权行为的救济措施来解决与商业有关的人权问题。残障者的平等就业权亦可通过此种框架加以保障。国际公约树立了残障者平等就业权的国际标准,中国的法律法规和政策体现了这些标准,但在对残障的认识上仍与国际实践存在差距。全球契约、SA8000和ISO26000等规定了相关的企业责任,但其在中国的适用仍不普及,中国也缺乏权威而具有操作性的企业社会责任标准。残障者平等就业权在国内可通过行政、仲裁和诉讼寻求救济,在国际上可通过政府间制度和自愿机制寻求救济,但目前救济效果都较有限。要全面促进中国残疾人平等就业权的落实,必须加强国家义务、企业责任和权利救济的建设与改善。
<<The UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights presents a framework to address human rights issues related to business through State obligations to protect human rights,corporates’ responsibility to respect human rights,and access to remedies in case of rights violations . The right to equal employment of persons with disabilities can also be protected and promoted through this framework. International Conventions have set up a number of standards on this issue. Legislations and policies in China reflect some elements of these standards,while there is still a gap between Chinese norms and international standards.Global Compacts,SA8000and ISO26000 etc. are guidelines for corporate responsibilities,though not popular in China. Victims can claim their rights to equal employment through administrative mechanisms,arbitration and litigation at the domestic level,as well as through intergovernmental mechanisms,or voluntary CSR initiatives at the international level. However,the efficiency of all these mechanisms is limited. Hence it is necessary to strengthen State compliance toits obligations to protect human rights,the corporates’ responsibility to respect human rights,and access to remedies for the realization of equal employment for persons with disabilities.
<<Keywords: | RemediesBusiness and Human RightsDisability RightsEqual EmploymentCorporate Accountability |