Children’s health problems by the party and the government attaches great importance to，health care reform in anhui has childhood diseases treatment system construction should be brought into the health care reform and has been listed in the people’s livelihood project to be promoted，promote the steady development of the children’s medical career. To strengthen the development of children’s medical institutions to further enhance the level of children’s health is of great importance. On the basis of the CPC central committee and the state council issued “on deepening the opinions of the medical and health system reform”，“maternal and infant health care law of the People’s Republic of China”，the anhui provincial government combined with the actual，for giving play to the role of children’s medical institutions in anhui province and reduce child mortality，effectively improve the health level of pediatrics in our province，to promote coordinated development of the province’s economic and social undertakings，formulated the “12th five-year development plan of health programs in anhui province” and the “twelfth five-year” children’s medical treatment system in anhui province construction guidance. Based on the children’s hospital in anhui province，anhui province association of children’s health，children’s medical association in anhui province as an example to the children’s medical institutions in anhui province during the period of the 12th five-year plan development present situation，problems and prospects description analysis and empirical summary，and the children of “much starker choices-and graver consequences-in” constructive Suggestions for the further development of medical institutions.