This paper analyzes population structure，family structure，regional structure，employment structure，income distribution structure and consumption structure characteristics in the Anhui province from 2014 to 2015. Then it found that the transformation of social structure in anhui province speed obviously lags behind economic development，and it also can’t fully meet the needs of economic development，so you need to adjust the structure of urban and rural，and to accelerate the process of city；Perfect the income distribution system，adjust the income structure，to speed up cultivating the middle class and it can form the modern social class structure.