电力已经进入社会经济生活的各个领域,成为社会健康发展必不可少的能源基础。电力行业包括发电、输电、配电及售电环节,在电力生产及传输技术迅速发展的今天,电力行业不同环节具有不同的经济特征。长期以来我国电力系统采取的是垂直一体化的垄断经营体制,自20世纪80年代以来,电力行业开始逐步改革,电力市场化改革取得了重大进展,但也存在不少问题。由于电力市场结构、交易结构、平衡市场的特殊性,我国在推进市场化改革中面临着电价上涨、制约经济发展、运行协调机制等风险。随着我国经济发展进入新常态,电力发展也进入了一个新常态。新常态下,深化电力市场化改革面临着诸多挑战,在借鉴英国、美国及欧盟电力市场化改革成功经验的基础上,结合我国电力行业发展的情况和电力市场的特性,在进一步深化电力市场化改革中应优化电源结构与布局,推进电价配套改革和电力体制改革,建立健全电力监管制度和电力金融市场,从而把电力市场化改革推向新的水平。
<<Electric power has entered every field of social and economic life,and has become the essential energy basis for the development of the society. Electric power industry includes power generation,transmission,distribution and sale of electricity sectors. Today electric production and transmission technology develop rapidly,different sectors in the power industries have different economic characteristics. The management mode of our country electric power system took vertical integration monopoly operating system for a long time. Since the 1980s,electric power industry began to reform gradually,and the marketization of electricity has made great progress,but there still exists many problems. Due to the special nature of power market structure,transaction structure and balance market,China is faced with the risk of rising prices,restricting economic development,coordination mechanism and so on in promoting market-oriented reform. As China’s economic development enters into the new normal,power development has also entered a new normal. Under the new normal,deepening the reform of the electric power market is faced with many challenges,we should use the successful experience of Britain,the United States and the EU electricity market reform for reference,combine with current situation of the development of electric power industry and characteristics of power market,optimize the power supply structure and layout in further deepening the reform of the electricity market,promote the price reform and power system reform,establish and perfect the power supervision system and financial markets for electricity,and thus promote the reform of the electricity market to a new level.
<<Keywords: | Electricity MarketCharacteristics of Market Main BodyElectricity Financial MarketsElectric Power SystemElectricity Regulatory |