During the Twelfth Five Year Plan，all levels of education have been promoted greatly，and the balanced development of the education system has made significant progress. Regarding special population，resource-deprived region，weak area of the education system，government has strengthened the investment to enhance education equality. However，there are still many problems which need to be addressed. The supply and demand of preschool education has not been adjusted，compulsory education system still exists disparity between rural and urban area with significant difference of regional and inter-school inequality. The middle level professional education shows slow advancement，and inequality of higher education entrance across regions is still prominent. And social discrimination towards migrant workers’ children is prevalent. All these problems need to be addressed by the policy of the Thirteenth Five Year Plan.