China has the largest mining and mineral processing industry in the world and mining development has contributed greatly to China’s rapid economic and social development over the past 30 years1. Yet，with the social unrest and conflict regarding the development of resources in China，as in many countries around the world，the industry must also demonstrate that it has a ‘social licence to operate’ among communities that are close to operations and within society more broadly. This report aims to bring the voice of the citizens of China，on whose behalf China’s mineral and energy resources are managed，more clearly into a conversation about the role of the mining industry in Chinese society. This report summarizes the key findings from a survey of 5，122 Chinese citizens about their attitudes toward the mining industry.