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    中国就业发展分析(2014)

    摘要

    2014年,中国就业发展总体平稳,呈现新特点,具体表现在:就业规模持续增长,增速有所趋缓;就业结构持续改善,改善空间存压力;就业报酬稳步增长且差距有所减少,增速趋缓;经济发展与就业发展的联动性保持较高水平;创业带动就业效果进一步显现。就业发展取得的成效与富有成效的就业工作密切相关,具体体现在:高校毕业生就业政策供给取得大突破;农民工就业工作取得新进展;创业带动就业工作更务实;就业服务工作迈出新步伐;支持企业稳定岗位措施取得新突破。在经济发展新常态下,中国就业发展既面临巨大的机遇,也存在不小的挑战,必须正视就业发展道路上的挑战,在提升经济吸纳就业能力、破解劳动力供求错位困境和创新促进就业工作方法等方面做努力。

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    Abstract

    In 2014,Chinese employment development is generally stable with some new characteristics. The job rate continues to rise,while the speed slows down;the employment structure continues to improve,while the space for further improvement has been compressed;wages carry on growing while the growth rate is decreasing,and the gap between the highest and the minimum wage has become smaller;the correlation between the economic growth and employment development keeps at a higher level;the effectiveness of a job increase triggered by start-ups becomes more obvious. The employment development is closely related to the employment programmes and policies:graduates employment promotion policies have made some breakthrough;migrant workers employment promotion programmes and policies have made new progresses;start-ups promotion programmes become more grounded;employment related public service has imporved;the strategies of supporting businesses to maintain their job stability have been enhanced. Under the “new normal”,Chinese employment development is facing huge opportunities and challenges at the same time,the government needs to face up to the challenges,and make bigger efforts on strengthening the job increase capacity of the economy,solving the problems of the labour supply and demand mismatch,and exploring innovative approaches to employment promotion.

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    作者简介
    王山:王山,博士,任职于中国人事科学研究院,研究领域为劳动经济、就业创业。
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