China is one of the countries in the world that suffers the most severe flood disasters in frequency and socio-economic terms. From 1984 to 2013，the population exposure and economic exposure to rainstorm floods are characterized by increasing trend in China，direct economic loss and the affected population increase significantly；Population vulnerability obviously enhance，but the economic vulnerability shows a trend of decrease with the rapid development of the economy. Under the condition of future global warming，flood disaster risk will increase further. So minimizing exposure and enhancing social economic resilience and adaptability are the effective ways to reduce disaster risk in China.