>As the largest labor flow in human history，recent rise in migration in China has opened up unprecedented opportunities for millions of Chinese to rearrange their lives. At the same time，this process has also posed great challenges to Chinese migrants，especially female migrants，who not only face bias against “outsiders” but also have a greater need in receiving reproductive health related services in their migratory destinations. Based on data collected via multiple sources in Shanghai，China’s largest metropolis，this study profiles the changing characteristics of female migrants，presents data on self-reported symptoms of reproductive health related problems and knowledge on reproductive health issues，compares maternal and child health measures between migrants and local residents，and examines factors related to reproductive health knowledge and migrants’ access to health care in urban China. Results of this study show a relatively high level of self-reported reproductive health status among female migrants，coupled with a relatively high level of ignorance in knowledge related to STD. Both self-reported health status and knowledge in reproductive health are related to the educational attainment and length of stay in the urban destination. We also find ample evidence that female migrants’ access to urban health care is limited by a number of institutional barriers.