>In this paper，we manage to investigate the rural-urban migration’s impact on the crop production，food production，agricultural inputs，livestock production，land subcontract and land abandonment，using household survey data from Sichuan and Anhui provinces which have greater rural-urban migration in China，through comparative and econometric analysis of the households with and without migration. The empirical results reveal that under the condition of certain agricultural production scale，for the existence of capital as a substitute for labor，rural-urban migration doesn’t affect agricultural production of necessity，nor hampers the labor accumulation consequentially. While massive migration significantly has a negative effect on the household’s livestock production. The results also show that the occurrence of land subcontract，land abandonment due to migration is rare.