>Summarized from information collected from interview and sampling survey，the paper analyses the general features and macro background of rural labor mobility in contemporary China. Migrated and non-migrated laborers were categorized and compared，the demographic characteristics and employment distribution of migrated labor population are described from six aspects，and summarized into five social characteristics，to clarify “who migrated in rural areas，” the seemingly simple but vague question. The paper analyses motive of labor mobility of rural China in the 1990s from perspectives of system reform，regional development，and distortion of rural economic structure.