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谢伏瞻
    中国社会科学院学部委员,学部主席团主席,研究员,博士生导师。历任中国社会科学院院长、党组书记,国务院发展中心副主... 详情>>
蔡 昉
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李培林
    男,汉族,出生于1955年5月,山东济南人,博士,研究员,全国人民代表大会社会建设委员会副主任委员,中国社会科学... 详情>>

    Gender Equity,the Chinese Dragon,a...

    摘要

    本文批评了学界提出的为女性争取新闻内容中的平等的方法。这一方法更直接地针对从事内容制作的新闻从业人员中的公平。在新闻和新闻机构中,要实现最大可能的多样性和公平性,需要重构新闻业的战略、政策和实践,甚至是对社会性别概念去中心化。首先,本文简要地批评几个理论、概念和观点,它们解释了在大众传媒行业,尤其是新闻业中,社会性别带来的或者应该带来的差异。鉴于这些理论既没有解释,也没有展示出社会性别的认识论“效果”,作者通过美籍华人女记者的案例说明交叉的研究方法的使用。这也强调,社会性别不能被看成单一维度的概念,或者是二元对立因素来区别女性和男性。相反,社会性别总是与身份和经验的其他维度交织在一起。其次,本文将女权政治建立在与公平相关的道义论观点基础上,而不是建立在女性和男性是不同类别的目的论假设基础上。当人们声称某项被提议的行动会导致不同结果和可测量的效果时,尽管关于女性的观点看起来能获得更大的动力,但本文认为公平才是雇用和提升女性的充分保证。此外,基于公平和公正,以及人性的合理思路来做决策,能使人们承认一个重要真理:每个人都是有缺陷的。换言之,这为报道一些女性留下了余地,她们不需要实现不可能的想法,也不需要女性总是“好的”这一类反事实的声明。 <<
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    Abstract

    This paper critiques the intellectual approaches to promoting equity for women in news content,and,more directly,for professionals producing that content. Accomplishing the fullest kind of diversity and equity in news and in newsrooms requires reconceptualizing journalism’s strategies,policies,and practices,and even de-centering the concept of gender. This paper first briefly critiques several theories,concepts and perspectives proposed to explain the difference that gender makes or should make in mass communication professions,especially journalism. Given that these theories neither explain nor show the epistemological “effects” of gender,an intersectional approach is illustrated with the case of Chinese-American women journalists. This highlights how gender cannot be taken as a single-dimensional,dichotomous factor distinguishing all women from all men. Instead,gender always and ever intersects with other dimensions of identity and experience. Second,the paper groundsfeminist politics in deontological perspectives having to do with fairness,rather than teleological assumptions that women and men are categorically different. Althougharguments about women seem to gain greater traction when a proposed action is claimed to result in different ends,in measurable effects,this paper suggests that fairness is a sufficient warrant for hiring and promoting women. Moreover,making decisions on the basis of fairness and equity,and on the basis of a reasonable idea of human nature,allows one to acknowledge a central truth:everyone is flawed. That is,this allows for reporting about women that does not require impossible and counter-factual claims that women are always “good.” <<
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    作者简介
    琳达·斯泰纳:琳达·斯泰纳,博士,马里兰大学菲利普·梅林新闻学院教授,新闻与大众传播协会前任主席,新闻与大众传播专著准编辑。研究领域:媒介与性别、新闻伦理、新闻史以及公民新闻。
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