This paper used the statistical data from 1995 to 2012，based on the AIDS model，analyzed urban residents’ food consumption in Shaanxi province. The results show that residents are lack of income elasticity in consumption of the most foods，but fruits，poultry and dairy consumption are greatly affected by the income；income elasticity of food consumption of low-income residents is higher than that of high-income groups，as time goes on，the influence of income will reduce；residents’ meat and vegetable consumption is increasing affected by the income，while of high-income residents’consumption on the two types of food is not sensitive to income changes. Residents are not sensitive to the change of most food price. The absolute value of price elasticity of residents’ consumption of grain，meat and vegetables are greater than their income elasticity. Research shows that the method that increasing Shaanxi urban residents’income to promote food consumption and nutrition absorption is not work；ensure the supply of vegetables is adequate and diversity in Shaanxi will promote the overall improvement of Shaanxi urban residents nutrition structure；Shaanxi food like fruit need necessary consumption guide and production support policies.