Population aging is an inevitable trend in the social and economic development.Our current implementation of the new agricultural insurance system is an important step in order to solve the pension problems of the elderly population in rural areas.However，due to the impact of system design，as well as social-economic development conditions，the operation of the new farmer's insurance fund hasing a certain risk.In Fujian Province，the new farmer's insurance fund revenue and expenditure forecast，the expenditure will be showing a growth trend，but spending faster than income rate.There will be a gap.From the following aspects for the realization of the sustainable development of the new agricultural insurance system，this article suggests timely and appropriately adjusting the fertility policy，optimizing the population structure to ensure the sustainability of the new farmer's insurance number of insured，expanding into new rural cooperative fund payment channels to broaden the channels of the proliferation of new agricultural insurance fund and increase the value of the new farmer's insurance fund.