水库移民是经济发展型工程所产生的非自愿性移民。三峡大坝建设产生了一百多万的水库移民。其中,很多农村移民受后靠安置空间和资源有限的影响,按照地方政府的统一安置行动,被迫从农村居住地进入城市,户籍性质发生农转非改变。然而,进入城市后,农转非移民不仅丧失了原有的农村土地等生存资源,而且不具有城市市场竞争环境下谋生的工作技能,出现比较严重的失业问题。为此,地方政府试图通过针对移民的免费就业培训活动来提高农转非移民的就业能力。但政府的培训行动因脱离市场需要而未产生实际效果,流于形式,并没有从根本上改善农转非移民在城市市场环境中的就业竞争力。
<<Resettlers caused by reservoirs as development projects are involuntary.In China Three Gorges Dam causes millions of resettlers,some of whom are put into city forming rural communities with the change of Hukou characters.The rural-to-city resettlers have no lands to survive,and worse still,they possess less work skills to get jobs in city market.So serious jobless problems are coming.The local government carries on free training maneuvers to improve the resettlers' abilities to get jobs.However,the government's training comes into less effect which aimed at resettlers,because it is low-level,and against market requirement.
<<Keywords: | Market SystemDam-induced ResettlersRural-to-cityAnti-unemployment GovernanceGovernment's Training |