Construction of the Indemnificatory houses，with public rental houses as the mainstay，is the chief initiative of Beijing city designed to provide housing to the low-income group. This report attempts to measure and assess the living conditions of the tenant families when they have moved in，and to propose advices for further improve the design，construction and management of the Indemnificatory houses，by using the concept of social ecology，and choosing a public rental housing Communities as a sample. The research reveals that the provision，leasing of and habitation in the Indemnificatory housing，have noticeably improved the housing conditions of the low-income groups who have become more satisfied with their life. But at the same time，problems arise concerning the malfunction of the administrative system，the rise of living cost，the disruption of social ties，the insufficient social support，etc. There exists even the possible trend of the contradictions between the commercial house owner and the Indemnificatory house tenants in the same community becoming contradictions between groups，which might lead to social exclusion that is in urgent need of adjustment and intervention through implementing roper service and administration policy.