Scientific indicator system premises for the accuracy and reliability of environmental impact assessment of land rearrangement planning. The indicator system for evaluation in mountainous area is required to not only include the general influence factors，but also consider ecological fragility and environmental sensitivity，which reflect the characteristics of mountainous land. Selecting Dehong Prefecture in Yunnan province as the study area in China’s southwestern frontier mountainous area，this study has constructed a set of evaluation index system comprised of ten factors in 4 aspects as ecological system function，structure，conservation of soil & water and the ecological maintenance，for example，the ecosystem service value，the soil erosion modulus，over-reclaimed Rate，rate of terraced area of sloping farmland.