This article examines the changes of the foreign trade structure of agricultural products in China from 1992 to 2013. The results show that high market access greatly enhances the share of oilseeds import，agricultural processing exports of raw materials raises the share of imports of agricultural products such as cotton，and the relatively low quality competitiveness of domestic livestock spurs the substitution of domestic livestock with imports；the export share of labor-intensive agricultural products with comparative advantages is increased，while the export share of land-intensive food products witnesses a substantial decline，the export of livestock as a percentage of total agricultural exports witnesses a decrease because of the falling competitiveness of quality and credibility. The Huge difference between the growth rate of agricultural imports and that of agricultural export，pushing China from a agricultural surplus trader into the world’s second-largest trade deficit country. The drastic change of China’s agricultural trade pattern is brought out by the coastal areas which experienced a fast-growing period and deeper participation in the international competition agricultural market. As a coastal province，Guangdong has witnessed a fundamental change of comparative advantage of agriculture since reform and opening to the outside world，which makes Guangdong one of the major pushers of the rapid change of agricultural trade patterns.