Based on field surveys and interviews，this paper analyzes that although it makes great and effective progress on water resource protection and ecological construction of Chaohe River Basin，it still faced many problems caused by water pollution，fragile ecological environment，subjective cognition & economic development gap and inharmonious inter-regional coordination between Beijing and Chengde. Some measures，such as strategic layout，building sharing model，risk evaluation and policy synergism，should be taken to achieve scientific and sustainable development on Chaohe River Basin ecological protection and economic construction.