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    都市知识女性婚恋观、生育观现状探究——基于杭州市的实证调研

    摘要

    本文以杭州市教育系统、卫生系统、行政机关、科研院所、传媒等行业的本科及以上学历女性为主要研究对象,采用问卷调查、个案访谈等研究方法对知识女性婚恋观、生育观的现状和特点进行实证研究。调查显示,知识女性的婚恋观具有完美主义倾向,在经济上较为独立自主;在择偶时比男性更看重经济条件。少数知识女性的婚姻配偶权益弱化,为了孩子而维系婚姻,忽略了家庭中的夫妻关系,而更重视亲子关系。知识女性对婚前性行为和婚外性行为的宽容程度比男性低。婆媳矛盾较翁婿矛盾更为普遍。心理咨询作为婚恋纠纷的求助方式尚未被普遍接受。知识女性的生育意愿低于男性,高龄产妇比例约占1/3。约两成的知识女性有生育二胎的意愿,二胎生育目的主要是“增加手足情”“降低失独风险”。部分知识女性缺乏家庭育儿支持,对社会化育儿服务有需求。

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    Abstract

    This paper is about a research on intellectual women’s marriage and fertility concept. Women employed in education systems,health systems,administrative organs,scientific research institutes,media industries in Hangzhou city are taken as main samples in the empirical research. They all have bachelor degree or above. Questionnaires and case interviews are used during the survey. Investigation shows that intellectual women have perfectionist tendencies in love,relatively independent in economy. Women devote much attention to economy than the male. A small number of intellectual women’s marriage spouse rights are undermined. They emphasize children more than spouse. Intellectual women show low degree of tolerance of premarital sex and sex outside marriage than the male. The conflict between old woman and daughter-in-law is more common than the conflict between old man and son-in-law. Psychological counseling as a way to deal with marriage disputes has not yet been accepted widely. Intellectual women show less childbearing willingness than male. A third of the intellectual women are mothers above 35. One fifth of the intellectual women have the willingness of having a second child. The purpose of having a second child is for brotherhood. Preventing from losing one’s only child is the second reason. A few intellectual women can not get enough support from family in raising children. They have demand for public child care services.

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    作者简介
    邹蕾:邹蕾,硕士,浙江外国语学院学生处讲师。全球职业规划师、国家高级职业指导师、杭州市大学生创业导师。主要研究方向:人力资源管理、创业就业理论与实践。
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