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    中国殡葬事业发展报告(2014~2015)

    摘要

    2013~2014年,我国殡葬事业持续健康发展:一是积极宣传贯彻两办《意见》,及时召开第四次全国殡葬工作会议,营造了党员干部带头、广大群众参与、全社会共同推动殡葬改革的良好氛围。二是继续强化殡葬政策创制,殡葬综合治理能力得到提升。三是切实保障惠民殡葬政策实施落地,范围逐步从困难群众向户籍居民乃至常住人口扩展。四是逐步加大殡葬服务设施设备投资力度,更加注重环保和服务质量。五是较快推动城乡公益性公墓建设,文明治丧、低碳祭扫成为新风尚。六是持续开展殡葬系统行风与人才技能队伍建设,殡葬服务窗口示范作用日益明显。

    但殡葬改革回避改革发展中仍存在的一些比较突出的问题,例如,殡葬法治建设滞后,殡葬执法难度加大;殡葬改革遇到瓶颈,体制机制创新不够;殡葬服务设施投资不足,政府公共服务能力难以有效提升;殡葬改革宣传深度不够,殡葬先进文化引领缺失;部分地区片面追求火化率,偏离了殡葬改革方向。

    2015年,持续推进殡葬改革仍是我国殡葬事业科学发展的主旋律。强化顶层设计,积极探索系统性、整体性、协同性的殡葬改革;厘清改革思路,积极探索殡葬改革新途径;法治殡葬和德治殡葬相结合,积极探索提升殡葬综合治理效力;发挥社会资本的积极作用,积极探索殡葬领域投融资体制机制;持续深入宣传贯彻两办《意见》和第四次殡葬工作会议精神,积极探索传承和弘扬殡葬先进文化等。

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    Abstract

    In 2013~2014,the funeral development of china had been achieved sustained and healthy progress:Firstly,with Opinion on the CPC Members and Officials Take the Lead to Promote the Reform of Funeral was actively publicized and implemented,the Fourth National Funeral Conference was timely hold;a favorable environment of funeral reform was constructed with party members and cadres taking the lead,the vast masses and entire society participating. Secondly,funeral policy creation was continued to strengthen,and the comprehensive management capabilities would be enhanced. Thirdly,the benefiting people policy of funeral was steps to ensure ranging from poor people gradually extended to registered permanent residents and the resident population. Fourthly,investments on funeral service facilities and equipments were gradually increased;environmental protection and quality of service were paid more attentions. Fifthly,the construction of urban and rural public welfare cemetery was accelerated;funeral civilization and low-carbon tomb-sweeping had become a new trend. Sixthly,funeral system morals construction and talent team building were ongoing developed;the exemplary role of funeral service window had become increasingly obvious.

    However,funeral reforms were social reforms that eliminate undesirable customs and set the fashion for the generation. Funeral reform and development couldn’t be plain sailing. And we couldn’t avoid some of the prominent problems existing in the reform and development,for example:the role of law construction was lagging behind the funeral development result in difficulties of funeral enforcement;funeral reforms encountered lots of bottlenecks,and the innovations of system and mechanism were not enough;the facilities investment of funeral services were underfunded,the government’s public service capacities were difficult to enhance effectively;the depth of propaganda was not enough,and the guiding of advanced funeral culture was obviously lack;some places were one-sided pursuit of cremation rate,it deviated from the purpose of funeral reform.

    In 2015,promoting the funeral reform is still the main theme of the current and future period of funeral development. It should be strengthened the top-level design,and actively explore the systematic,holistic,collaborative nature of the funeral reform. It should be clarified the reform ideas,and actively explored new ways to funeral reform. It should be combined the rule of law and virtue in funeral management,and actively explored to enhance the effectiveness of comprehensive management of funeral. It should be played the active role in social capital,and actively explored the institutional mechanisms of investment and financing in funeral industry. It should be continually publicized and implemened Opinion on the CPC Members and Officials Take the Lead to Promote the Reform of Funeral and the spirit of the Fourth National Funeral Conference,and actively explored the heritage and promoting advanced culture of funeral and interment.

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    作者简介
    李伯森:李伯森,民政部一零一研究所所长。
    肖成龙:肖成龙,民政部一零一研究所环境科学专业研究员。
    马金生:马金生,民政部一零一研究所史学专业副研究员。
    周传航:周传航,民政部一零一研究所生态学专业助理研究员。
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