Environmental liability insurance is one means of environmental governance with the market function. It has become the effective measure of general pollution treatment and risk prevention in the developed countries，while also is undergoing as pilot in various regions in China. Since Shanghai carried out the pilot，two kinds of compulsory environmental insurance have been launched including the dangerous chemicals safety liability insurance and inland ships pollution liability insurance. However，other commercial insurances made little progress due to a variety of obstacles. The article suggested that Shanghai combine the requirements of the country with local management requirements，provided the solution to expand the scope of environmental liability insurance pilot and put forward the policy path and the technical path of the gradual generalization.