香港自1841年由英国人夺取统治权及建立自由港以来,一直成为西方进入中国市场的重要门户。1949~1978年,由于中国的自力更生政策与西方的敌意封锁,香港的国际商贸端口功能一度受到打击。然而,自20世纪60年代起的出口型、两头在外的加工工业的兴起,香港的国际商贸活动再度兴起。香港岛的中环,由于地处香港的地理中心、水陆交通交汇点及最早的开发区和行政中心,一直以来成为城市核心及支撑香港国际贸易与服务性商业活动的中央商务区。1979年,中国展开了改革开放新的历史进程,而亚洲又成为世界经济发展的火车头,香港的中央商务区亦迎来了持续数十年的高速发展,成为香港这个亚洲国际大都市的标志。在这期间,中央商务区除向横向和纵向(向高空)发展之外,更出现了质变,即其主要活动更趋向于金融、商贸等高端服务业。
<<The paper traces the origin of Hong Kong’s CBD from the early 1960s through examining the composition of its employment,landuse and boundary changes. It puts emphasis on the district’s high connectivity by major public transport with the rest of the city which offers it high acessarbility,and on its nodal position and free port status in Asia-Pacific area. China’s Open and Reform policy and the rise of the Asian economies in the 1980s have driven its further rapid growth in recent decades. The paper also points out that Hong Kong’s CBD has grown around its financial core,and that the co-location of the CBD and the government headquarters has benefitted the CBD. These are some of the aspects worthy of attention by Mainland governments in planning CBD development.
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