2008 was a hard year for Chinese economy and society，so were the challenges in front in front of environmental protection. After strenuous effort，environmental protection dealt with the damage caused by the severe cold surge，ice-snow and frozen disasters in south China and the Wenchuan Earthquake successfully，which ensured the environmental safety for the stricken areas. The success of “Green Olympics” not only won the accomplishment worldwide but also improved the environmental quality nationwide. Some outdate industries creating serious pollution were cut off in the implement of macro-control and adjustment of industrial structure. Increased efforts were made on energy conservation and pollution reduction. The total amount of two main pollutant discharge，sulfur dioxide and chemical oxygen demand，kept dropping. But China still faces serious environmental situation now and both challenges and chances in the future.