Rural population，economic size and natural condition in Sichuan’s hilly regions determine the position and function of agricultural modernization. The rural characteristic industry is based on the comparative advantage of a modern agricultural development direction. In order to realize the transfer of rural surplus labor and rural economic and social sustainable development of Sichuan hilly region，it should be based on the features，based on characteristic industry，forming characteristics of the industrial chain. Guangan’s Long An pomelo as the research sample of characteristic product becoming the rural characteristic product In hilly region of Sichuan province，based on normative analysis on the Long An pomelo development history，current situation and existing problems，this paper attempts to answer the Sichuan hilly region the plight of the rural characteristic industry development and the crack，thus for Sichuan hilly region rural characteristic industry development to provide policy recommendations.