2014 Afghanistan Presidential Election is the first time that Afghanistan realizes power transition in the form of election since the US carried out Operation Enduring Freedom. This election is also the most important element that influences development of political situation and changes of security situation in Afghanistan before NATO troops end their tasks in the country. After a brief review of the development of this election，this paper analyzes actions and policy motives of related parties in Afghanistan and also evaluates the effectiveness of their strategies. On this basis，the paper provides a prediction on the future development of political and security situation in Afghanistan.