At present，China is not only the big country but also one of the powerful nations on the perspective of the shipbuilding industrial competitiveness. Judging by the trend of industrial competitiveness，most of the indexes，such as the international market share，trade competition index，revealed comparative advantage index，revealed trade advantage index，labor productivity index and the intensity of R&D funding，all shows a gradually improved trend over the past 20 years，the exception is the index of the quality competitiveness of shipbuilding industry，which shows a declining trend. Judging by the international competitiveness comparison，South Korea，Japan and China are the top three competitiveness countries in the shipbuilding industry on the world. South Korea is the most powerful nation which is on the mature stage of international competitiveness of the shipbuilding industry，most competitiveness indexes are in a leading position in the world. Japan remains the shipbuilding competitive power，but it is very obvious that most indexes suggest its competitiveness has been a declining trend. The indexes of competitiveness of China’s shipbuilding industry have been increasing rapidly. It is very possible to catch up with South Korea and Japan in a long time，although the short term is difficult. The fact of the China’s shipbuilding industry have been to upgrade the international competitiveness in recent 20 years shows that the various policy measures and institutional mechanisms related to shipbuilding industry have a positive impact on enhancing industrial competitiveness，and has made the good actual effect in the practice. At the same time，there are still some ship industry system and mechanism of the problems to be solved：the first is the lack of systematic or normative top design of shipbuilding industry policy system and legal norms；the second is the industry policy is not conducive to innovation driven industry development；the third is the lag of micro reform on shipbuilding enterprise leading to the lack of vitality for enterprise group. Looking forward to the future，China’s shipbuilding industry is likely to be comprehensive surpassing South Korea and Japan and to be the leading position on the international industry competition world.