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谢伏瞻
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李培林
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    2014年中国城市基本公共服务满意度评估与发展报告

    摘要

    本报告按照优化的基本公共服务力评价指标体系,通过24717份调查问卷,从公共交通、公共安全、公共住房、基础教育、社保就业、医疗卫生、城市环境、文化体育、公职服务等9个方面,对全国38个主要城市的基本公共服务力进行全面评价和深入研究,发布了2014年全国38个主要城市满意度评价情况及各排行榜。报告通过GDP对公共服务满意度杠杆指数、城市公共服务满意度上升指数、公共服务满意度要素发展指数等评价工具,对38个城市的基本公共服务满意度进行了详细评价。报告认为,2014年我国基本公共服务总体满意度较2012年和2013年有所下滑,但较2011年则有提高。调查结果的数据分析显示,尽管抽样调查数据主要由主观指标出发,但总体来讲具有良好的代表性,公共服务满意度是对公共服务现状的客观反映,能够准确和客观地反映公共服务的真实质量,并非纯粹的主观评价。各级政府要完善基本公共服务立法,把公众对基本公共服务要素的关注度作为改善民生的晴雨表,强化公共服务改革的系统化思维,在全面深化改革领导小组当中设立公共服务改革协调小组,完善地方政府政绩考核评价办法,强化基本公共服务能力评价,启动基本公共服务大数据计划,加强基本公共服务大数据的统计分析应用,明确划分中央和地方政府财权和事权,改善公共服务质量和效率,提升居民公共服务满意度,推动基本公共服务大发展,促进经济社会全面协调持续健康发展。

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    Abstract

    This report,by using the optimized evaluation index system and analyzing the results of 24717 questionnaires,comprehensively and thoroughly evaluated and studied the basic public service capability in 38 major cities,and issued the ranking lists and results of satisfaction of these cities in 2014 from nine aspects,which are Public Transportation,Public Security,Housing Guarantee,Basic Education,Social Security and Employment,Basic Healthcare and Public Health,Urban Environment,Culture and Sports,and Government Services. A series of indices are applied to further study the degree of public satisfaction with basic public services in 38 major cities,including the index of GDP leveraging satisfaction of basic public services,the rising index of cities’ satisfaction of basic public service,and the development index of satisfaction of the basic public service elements. Through detailed studies,the report suggests that the overall satisfactoriness of basic public services of Chinese cities in 2014 is lower than that of 2013 and 2012,but better than 2011. The data analysis of the survey shows that the satisfactoriness of public services is an objective reflection of the actuality of public services,thanks to the representativeness of the subjective index system. Thus,the degree of satisfactoriness can reveal the real quality of public services accurately and objectively,not merely subjective evaluation. The report makes the following suggestions. Governments at all levels should perfect the legislation in basic public services,improve people’s livelihood on the basis of the public attention to basic public service elements,strengthen the systematic thinking of the public service reform,and establish the coordination group for public service reform in the leading group for deepening reform in an all-around way. The local governments should improve the evaluation method of official performance and achievements,strengthen the assessment of basic public service capability. The big-data planning for basic public services should be launched,and strengthen the statistical analysis and application of the big data of basic public services. The financial power and the administrative authority of central and local governments should be divided clearly. Last but not least,improve the quality and efficiency of public services,enhance the civil satisfaction of public services,promote the overall development of basic public services,and advance the comprehensive,balanced and sustainable development of the economy and society.

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    作者简介
    中国城市基本公共服务力评价(2014)课题组:
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