At present，our country’s medical disputes show a trend of rapid growth，violence claims phenomenon is increasing，due to poor medical dispute resolution，violent injury medical incidents happen occasionally，and has become a prominent social problem during the period of social transformation. A high incidence of medical disputes is the result of comprehensive shaping of many factors，and is closely related to increased demand for public health，rights consciousness enhancement，the lack of medical knowledge，the widely application of invasive treatment and so on. Medical resource allocation system to be perfected，medical security system，medical dispute settlement mechanism，medical service supervision system，medical risk sharing and medical damage relief system are the institutional factors leading to medical disputes and even patient violent phenomenon. The violent phenomenon in medical disputes is also related to frequent happen of various social contradictions in social transition period，the national quality still need to be improved，and the social environment of respecting knowledge，the professional talents，and the medical staff is not very strong，while “encourage tolerance” of the related departments of individual local government as well as part of the medical institutions and inappropriate rendering on patient violent phenomenon of the media contribute to this phenomenon to a certain extent. To prevent and control medical disputes，should further deepened reform process，and strengthen the construction of related systems.