This chapter firstly analysis the characteristics of healthcare service industry compared with other modern service industries，and discussed some lessons or insights for private equity investment on healthcare service industry. From the perspective of global healthcare service development history，the private healthcare institutions played distinctive roles in different social security systems，and its business model is quite diverse as well. The industrial characteristics determine the investment strategies and path of private equity. Secondly，the specialized hospitals possess significant market space and its own market positioning，and its great growth potential by chaining expansion enhance its strategic investment value. Lastly，each specialized hospital varies on medical nature，driving factors and marketization degree，etc.，so its investment theme and value varies as well. On the other hand，the competitive advantage and industry acknowledge of each private equity determines that there is no general or standardized investment strategy. This chapter only discussed several topics on investment on healthcare service industry，and just for reference.