Most South Asian and Southeast Asian countries are developing countries with rising energy consumption. Even after the financial crisis in 2008，there is not a sign to indicate that the energy demand will decrease.In fact，it is expected to increase over the next two decades，which will make the South Asian and Southeast Asian countries major oil and energy consumers. With the eastward shift of the world energy system，South Asian and Southeast Asian countries will play more important roles in the global energy landscape. There are three important aspects of the energy policy for South Asian and Southeast Asian countries：diversifying of energy supply；strengthening regional energy networks and power supplies；and promoting regional energy cooperation. This paper analyzes energy development in South and Southeast Asia and discusses energy policy and strategy in the areas from both regional and national perspectives.