Cuba launched a new round of economic reform in 2010，which drew the attention of the world. It decided to cut down a larger number of government workers and relax the restrictions on self-employment，which were viewed as the prelude to a structural reform of the economic development mode. Cuba claimed that its reform should be based on the preservation of the socialist system and planned economy. The reform was conducted gradually and would lead to economic restructuring and create opportunities for Cuban people to gain development. It is expected that the 6th Congress of the Cuban Communist Party to be convened in April 2011 will make major decisions on “upgrading” the economic mode.