2010年拉美和加勒比经济增长6%,成为近10年来的次高增长年。但是,各国经济表现存在较大差异,有近20个国家是低增长或负增长;在巴西经济的带动下,南美经济出现了明显的区域联动效应,中美洲和加勒比地区经济增长滞后于地区平均水平,委内瑞拉成为南美唯一并连续第二年负增长,且衰退和高通胀并存的国家。2010年拉美和加勒比对外贸易全面增长,但进口增幅大于出口,商品和服务贸易盈余大幅度减少。2010年的财政形势趋于好转,但其可持续性面临的压力有所增大。通货膨胀有所加剧,经济开始出现局部过热迹象。全地区有28个国家的消费物价指数超过2009年,有的国家甚至高达两位数。拉美和加勒比经济的上述变化受到多种因素的影响。一些国家采取的应对危机的政策举措取得了明显的成效;巴西经济的强劲复苏对拉动南美地区乃至整个地区经济增长都有积极作用;新兴经济体经济增速加快和发达国家经济复苏缓慢且不稳定,对该地区不同国家的经济走势产生了明显而有差异的影响。2011年拉美和加勒比经济将继续保持增长,但其增速将明显放缓,预计将维持在4。2%左右,整个地区经济还将面临新的挑战:外部经济走向的不确定性将成为左右拉美和加勒比经济发展趋势的重要因素之一,该地区原有的经济增长的有利因素正在向其相反的方向演变,政策调整势在必行,但其难度和风险都将有所加大,其调整的方向及结果都值得人们关注。
<<In 2010 Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) overcame the impacts of the world economic crisis and witnessed a moderate growth of 6%. But regional countries showed a diversified economic performance. Some of them only enjoyed a slight or even negative growth. Central America and the Caribbean were left behind the regional average growth rate. It is remarkable that Brazil served as an engine promoting the economic growth in South America. There was a warning signal of economic overheating that the inflation pressure was growing rapidly. Among 28 regional countries,CPI had exceeded the figures in 2009. It is expected that LAC will continue in 2011 to sustain economic growth although the growth rate might be slowed down to 4.2%. Due to a variety of uncertainties in the world economy,regional countries were pressed to take further measures to adjust their economy.
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