To address the existing problem of “school selection rush” in elementary and secondary schools，provinces，cities and counties all over China have put into place a series of reform in 2009. The progress，however，shows overt regional gap，with fundamental issues left untouched in some areas and problems such as “school selection rush”，over-burden for students and unbalanced distribution of educational resources still existing. The overall reform of basic education is processing by small steps，with certain effects gained in reducing student burden，modifying appraisal mechanism，and improving teaching quality. As for compulsory education，the “pay for performance” policy is progressing unevenly among regions due to the gap in revenue.