Chinese education has made significant improvement in the past thirty years in absolute terms. In this article，we explore the relative development level of Chinese education by comparing Chinese achievement in key education indicators with those of other large developing countries. The review finds that China is left behind in access indicators，but China performs relatively better than other countries in resource indicators. In addition，this review shows that China has achieved relatively high level of horizontal equity，but not in equal education opportunity due to positive association between education indicators and regional wealth indices.