Culture and politics are two important factors affecting the development of the rule of law. As far as the realistic situation is concerned，the construction of the rule of law in China is faced with some obstacles in the above mentioned two aspects. In contemporary times，China needs a new form of humanism that can integrate the essence of both Chinese and western humanisms and take into consideration both the cognitive and moral rationalities. From the perspective of humanism，moral humanism and democratic politics are the two dimensions of the construction of the rule of law in China that need to be strengthened. In the process of the development of the rule of law，China needs to coordinate moral，utility，political and administrative aspects of the rule of law，adhere to its own cultural tradition，create rational and moral bases of politics and society，develop a “moral and democratic rule of law” with rich humanistic content，and realize the historical connection between Chinese virtue and morality on the one hand and natural rights，democracy and the rule of law on the other hand.