In recent years，the development of Henan modern agriculture has achieved remarkable results，the living standard of farmer has improved greatly，but there are still a lot of problems in the process of agricultural modernization.For example，agricultural foundation is weak，the level of scale operation is low，the level of technical equipment is not high，the growth of new agricultural service body is slow etc.The transfer of rural population is accelerating which presents a home dominated trend while the transfer outside the province gradually decreased.But the surplus labor force in rural is still more，and the phenomenon of “semi urbanization” in population is more outstanding.That is largely because of the low level of urbanization，unreasonable industrial structure and hysteretic reform of urban-rural dualistic system.To accelerate the agricultural modernization and rural population transfer，the suggestions are as follows：further improve the conditions for agricultural production，improve the agricultural scale management level，strengthen the industrial support to population transfer，highlight the leading role of center city，deepen the reform of the household registration and social security system，strengthen the employment service of rural labor.