Population policy is one of the important foundations in formulating the future planning model of the social development of Macau，and is also one of the important pre-requisites in planning Macau’s economic，education，housing，medical care and social security systems in the long term. Population policy has become one of the major social issues in Macau in 2012/2013，with the publication of a consultation document on the “Framework of Population Policy of the Macau Special Administrative Region” by the Government，followed by the controversies on issues related to allowing foreign students to work in Macau and importing foreign workers in specific sectors，and the proposal by the Chief Executive in his Policy Address to institute a “long-term mechanism for nurturing talents”. Through analysing the aforementioned cases，this article concludes that the core of the population policy proposed by the Government is centred on the pursuit of a long-term economic development，and analyses the possible directions of the formulation of population policy concerning the quality of the labour force.