Macau has experienced a significant institutional transformation politically and economically since Reunification in 1999. Spectacular achievements have been made over the past 15 years，with politics being developed，economy being prosperous，community being stable，livelihood being improved，and culture and education being progressive. In the meantime，the challenges emerged from moderate economic diversification，urban development space and carrying capacity，institutional reform and innovation，modernisation of governance，enhancement in the capacity of governance and training of professionals are not small. This article proposes that carrying out further openning and reform is not only a key option to resolve the existing problems，but also the only alternative to seek for long-term development. Only through openning could the vigour of the community be motivated，and could the economic diversification be accelerated through regional cooperation. Only through reform could the potential for institutional innovation and modernisation for governance and capacity building be released，and could the benefits in attracting and utilising talents in fair terms be demonstrated. The formation of a brand new social and political landscape could thus be possible.