The increasingly accelerating trend of urbanization propels the large-scale population migration from the rural to urban area，and primary-level rural culture shows the characteristics of “hollowing out” and “formatting”，which can be elaborated as follows：the structure of the traditional social relationships at the grass-roots level collapses；Peasants’ cultural needs are ambiguous and the expressing mechanism is not sound，and internal impetus drive of public cultural services is insufficient；Cultural identity in rural community gradually becomes weakened；The old social structure collapses，while the establishment of a new one is under exploration.According to the survey，in the context of rapid social transformation in China，the rural public culture gradually steps into differentiation and different types develop in various ways.On the basis of current times and the reality，it is necessary to design long-term incentive mechanism which joints the forces of different social parties to promote the rural public culture construction.