This article make an assessment of China’s surrounding security environment. The negative factors in China’s surrounding security environment includes：the complexity of China’s surrounding geography environment，the border issues between China and its neighboring countries as a history legacy，the psychological shocks emerged from China’s uprising，and the influence of the US in East Asia. The positive factors in China’s surrounding security environment includes：the continuous uprising of China’s comprehensive strength，the ever expanding influence of China in the neighboring region，China’s good neighbor policy，and the gradually acceptance of China’s uprising by the neighbor countries. This article put forward that，as a response toward the changing security environment，China should develop it comprehensive strength，stabilize its relationship with the US，persistent to the good neighbor policy，put more stress on the construction of its soft power，and improve its image in the surrounding area.